Summary about Disease
Uterine cramps, also known as menstrual cramps or dysmenorrhea, are throbbing or cramping pains in the lower abdomen that occur during or around a woman's menstrual period. They are a common condition experienced by many women and can range from mild discomfort to severe pain that interferes with daily activities.
Symptoms
Throbbing or cramping pain in the lower abdomen
Pain that can radiate to the back, hips, and thighs
Nausea
Vomiting
Diarrhea
Fatigue
Headache
Dizziness
Sweating
Causes
Primary Dysmenorrhea: Caused by increased production of prostaglandins, hormone-like substances that cause the uterus to contract. This is the most common type and is not related to an underlying disease.
Secondary Dysmenorrhea: Caused by an underlying medical condition, such as:
Endometriosis
Uterine fibroids
Adenomyosis
Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
Cervical stenosis
Medicine Used
Over-the-counter pain relievers: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) or naproxen (Aleve) and acetaminophen (Tylenol)
Hormonal birth control: Oral contraceptives, patches, vaginal rings, or intrauterine devices (IUDs) can help regulate hormones and reduce cramps.
Prescription pain relievers: Stronger pain relievers may be prescribed for severe pain.
Is Communicable
No, uterine cramps are not communicable. They are not caused by an infection or disease that can be spread from person to person.
Precautions
Regular exercise
Heat therapy (heating pad or warm bath)
Stress reduction techniques (yoga, meditation)
Dietary changes (limiting caffeine, alcohol, and salty foods)
Massage
Acupuncture
How long does an outbreak last?
The duration of uterine cramps varies. Typically, cramps start a day or two before menstruation and last for the first few days of the period. Some women experience cramps throughout their entire period.
How is it diagnosed?
Medical history and physical exam: The doctor will ask about your symptoms and medical history. A pelvic exam may be performed.
Pelvic ultrasound: To rule out structural abnormalities like fibroids or cysts.
Laparoscopy: In some cases, a laparoscopy may be necessary to diagnose conditions like endometriosis.
Timeline of Symptoms
1-2 days before menstruation: Cramps may begin.
First few days of menstruation: Cramps are typically most intense.
Duration: Cramps usually subside as the menstrual flow decreases.
Important Considerations
See a doctor if cramps are severe, interfere with daily activities, or are accompanied by other symptoms such as heavy bleeding, fever, or pelvic pain outside of menstruation.
If cramps start later in life (after age 25), it's important to rule out underlying medical conditions.
Discuss treatment options with your doctor to find the most effective approach for managing your specific symptoms.